At least four protesters have been arrested after stopping the first train loaded with coal from a NSW mine.

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The protesters stood on the rail line and climbed on top of the first train wagon, which was leaving the Maules Creek coal mine in Narrabri for Newcastle.

Two men, 36 and 45, and two women, 23 and 24, were arrested about 5.30am on Monday.

The protesters are concerned output from the new mine will host global carbon emissions.