For some women living with epilepsy, finding out their life-saving medication may hurt their chances of starting a family can come too late.

Sodium valproate, a widely prescribed anti-seizure drug often started in childhood, has been linked to birth defects and developmental issues in babies born to women taking it. The risk depends on dosage, with some studies showing up to a 20–30 per cent chance of serious complications – far higher than in the general population.

Emma Copeman said she had no idea about these risks until her teens, when changes in her body led to a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis.

“None of us knew… it could have a massive impact on fertility,” the 27-year-old said, adding that even her neurologist at that time had never heard of the link.

Kaitlyn Parratt, a neurologist and epilepsy advocate, said she often sees patients in her clinic who don’t know certain medications could be impacting their future fertility.

“Many young women start treatment in paediatric care, where planning for children isn’t even part of the conversation,” she explained.

Now, patients and experts are pushing for greater transparency around long-term risks so women living with epilepsy can plan for a family.

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